How do homologous structures differ from vestigial structures? Use a whale pelvis as an example.

• A. Homologous structures reflect shared ancestry; vestigial structures are reduced remnants indicating past function.
• B. Homologous structures reflect shared function; vestigial structures reflect random variation.
• C. Both are reduced remnants with no current function.
• D. They are both fully functional in modern organisms.

Answer: (A)